Macroeconomic, financial, and policy-related uncertainty have increased since the COVID-19 pandemic globally and in individual developing economies in the East Asia and Pacific (EAP) region. Uncertainty...
Colombia’s exports are highly concentrated in a few commodities such as petroleum, coal, coffee, and gold. A key policy goal is to diversify and expand this export base. However, one key barrier to being...
Labor regulations are important determinants of resource allocation, productivity, and labor market outcomes. They can protect workers’ rights, enhance job security, and improve working conditions. However...
Achieving the sustainable development goals is estimated to require additional financing on the order of 2.6 trillion dollars in emerging markets and low-income countries in 2030. A substantial increase...
This paper uses panel data to analyze factors that contributed to the rapid decline in poverty in India between 2005 and 2012. The analysis employs a nonparametric decomposition method that measures the...
Robert S. McNamara became World Bank President on April 1, 1968 and served two full five-year terms and a partial term, leaving on June 30, 1981. When McNamara came to the World Bank, it was lending about...
Education and skill development have played a crucial role in economic growth, poverty reduction and social transformation in Bangladesh, particularly the inclusion of women in the labor force in the last...
Croatia`s current economic challenges include sluggish growth, excessive public spending, high unemployment, and a deteriorating external environment. Croatian economy was making a fragile recovery and...
Croatia`s current economic challenges include sluggish growth, excessive public spending, high unemployment, and a deteriorating external environment. Croatian economy was making a fragile recovery and...
This paper uses a series of experiments with commercial bank loan officers to test the effect of performance incentives on risk-assessment and lending decisions. The paper first shows that, while high-powered...
Agriculture is one of the most important sectors in Kenya and its performance greatly affects the poor. In addition to its importance as a source of food and income, the sector directly accounts for 24...
On February 29, 2012, the World Bank released an updated dataset of internationally comparable poverty estimates. Poverty is assessed against two internationally comparable poverty lines: $1.25 and $2...
Annual country portfolio evaluation report 2011 is the fourth in the series. It introduces and describes a new multiannual cycle of country-level evaluations for the Global Environment Facility (GEF-5)...
It has been more than 50 years since the establishment of the first modern special economic zones (SEZs). During this time, SEZs have been credited with underpinning the dramatic export-oriented growth...
In ever larger numbers, poor people in developing and emerging market countries are accessing financial services offered by formal providers outside of traditional bank branches. Transformational branchless...
In ever larger numbers, poor people in developing and emerging market countries are accessing financial services offered by formal providers outside of traditional bank branches. Transformational branchless...
在发展中国家和新兴市场国家中,越来越多的贫困人口开始享受正规机构在传统银行网点之外提供的金融服务。对于监管机构和监督机构而言,变革型无网点银行业务凸显了消费者方面存在的问题,因为必须使用代理商和相关技术设备为大量受教育程度不足、缺乏相关经验的客户提供服务(很可能在短时间内)。必须权衡利弊,兼顾保护消费者和促进金融服务者两大目标,才能产生均衡、协调的明智解决方案。法律法规的设计与实施,应该与这种新型服务模式在特定国家给消费者带来的风险程度相适应。此外,还需考虑监管机构的能力和其他必要的市场监督工具,以确保法律法规得到充分的遵守。监管机构可以通过法律法规要求服务提供商采取保护消费者的一般措施;当然,最理想的情况是商家在自身核心商业利益的驱动下,自觉自愿的采取行动。在竞争性市场中,这意味着树立良好的声誉、维持公信力和客户满意度,以此来吸引和留住客户。在不同的国家要完成每个目标,其采取监管与自发性措施的优先级和手段要视提供的新模式和服务种类、审慎框架、金融系统发展的水平和可供低收入者与未受到银行服务覆盖的人群选择不同而因地制宜。
In ever larger numbers, poor people in developing and emerging market countries are accessing financial services offered by formal providers outside of traditional bank branches. Transformational branchless...
In ever larger numbers, poor people in developing and emerging market countries are accessing financial services offered by formal providers outside of traditional bank branches. Transformational branchless...
This paper deals with global mitigation strategy. More specifically the main purpose is to address the question of whether growth in the developing world is consistent with long?run climate change objectives...