Climate change, and its associated impacts, threatens to reverse decades of global progress in improving people’s health, human capital accumulation, and poverty reduction. At the same time, individuals...
This policy note looks beyond levels of vulnerability to examine sources of vulnerability by decomposing vulnerability into two components. For details of the methodology and estimates, see Ali and Setiawan...
Similar to many other countries around the world, the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic has hit Indonesia hard. Latest estimates suggest that about 5.1 million people—equivalent to 2.4 percent of the working-age...
Similar to many other countries around the world, the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic has hit Indonesia hard. Latest estimates suggest that about 5.1 million people—equivalent to 2.4 percent of the working-age...
Similar to many other countries around the world, the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic has hit Indonesia hard. Latest estimates suggest that about 5.1 million people—equivalent to 2.4 percent of the working-age...
This paper revisits the topic and updates the analysis applying the same methodology to data from 2017. The fiscal reforms that took place during the period covered in the analysis (2012-2017) make this...
Indonesia has sustained robust growth over a long period, and this has enabled millions of citizens to move out of poverty. Indonesia’s gross domestic product (GDP) has risen at an average 5 percent a...
Indonesia has seen remarkable progress in education over the last 10 years. Access to primary education is near universal and participation in secondary education, particularly for the poorest students...
With the globalized economy, well-educated youth will be critical to Indonesia’s competitiveness in the future. Demand for skilled workers will increase with skill-oriented technological change. In addition...
Indonesia has seen remarkable progress in education over the last 10 years. Access to primary education is near universal and participation in secondary education, particularly for the poorest students...
This paper examines Indonesia's experience in implementing scholarships programs as a demand-side intervention to stimulate primary and secondary school enrollment, continuation, and completion. It compares...