This report investigates the environmental impacts of Russia's accession to the World Trade Organization. A 10-region, 30-sector model of the Russian economy is developed. The model is innovative and more...
Russia's exports, imports, and ability to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) continue to grow. In December 2011, after eighteen years of negotiations, the World Trade Organization (WTO) invited Russia...
Russia's exports, imports, and ability to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) continue to grow. In December 2011, after eighteen years of negotiations, the World Trade Organization (WTO) invited Russia...
The Clean Development Mechanism established under the Kyoto Protocol allows industrialized Annex I countries to offset part of their domestic emissions by investing in emissions-reduction projects in developing...
This paper employs a 52-sector, small, open-economy computable general equilibrium model of the Tanzanian economy to assess the impact of the liberalization of regulatory barriers against foreign and domestic...
This paper develops a seven-region comparative static computable general equilibrium model of Russia to assess the impact of accession to the World Trade Organization on these seven regions (the federal...
This paper employs a 55 sector small open economy computable general equilibrium model of the Kenyan economy to assess the impact of the liberalization of regulatory barriers against foreign and domestic...
In this paper we develop a computable general equilibrium model of the regions of Russia to assess the impact of accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) on the regions of Russia. We estimate that...
Taking price changes from the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model of world trade, the authors use a small open economy computable general equilibrium comparative static model of the Russian economy...
In this issue: Global poverty reduction via expanding opportunities; by Timothy Besley, Robin Burgess, and David Donaldson. Interview with Alberto Alesina. Good_bye Lenin (or not)? The effect of communism...
In this issue: Global poverty reduction via expanding opportunities; by Timothy Besley, Robin Burgess, and David Donaldson. Interview with Alberto Alesina. Good_bye Lenin (or not)? The effect of communism...
In World Trade Organization (WTO) accession negotiations, telecommunications is always a sector that receives close scrutiny by the WTO Working Party, and the extent of market access and nondiscriminatory...
Rutherford、Tarr和Shepotylo用一个可计算的俄国经济一般均衡可比静态模型评估了俄国加入世界贸易组织(WTO)对收入分配和贫困人口的影响。该模型的新颖之处在于,作者把“俄国家庭预算调查”所覆盖的所有55,000个家庭作为“实际”家庭纳入了模型。他们之所以能做到这一点,是因为他们建立了一个用大量代理参数计算一般均衡模型的方法。另外,他们在贸易和贫困分析中纳入了直接投资和Dixit-Stiglitz的内生生产率效应。作者发现,俄国加入WTO可以在中期内惠及所有的家庭,估计收益的99.9%将占家庭收入增长的2-25%。他们表明,他们的估计肯定受以下因素的影响,即解除商业服务部门对外国直接投资设置的障碍,以及商业服务和产品中的内生生产率效应。作者用他们的综合模型评估了与用“自上而下”方法进行微观模拟有关的误差。他们发现,在传统的顺序方法中,由于没考虑到收入效应而产生的近似值误差很小。但是,国民账户和家庭预算调查数据的统一对结果具有重要影响。尽管据估计,所有家庭在中期内都会受益,但转轨成本可能在短期内使许多家庭蒙受损失。因此,对社会中最贫困的成员来说,安全网在转轨阶段具有关键意义。
A multi-region computable general equilibrium model is used to evaluate the regional, multilateral, and unilateral trade policy options of Mercosur from the perspective of the welfare of all potential...
Trade policy and poverty reduction in Brazil by Glenn W Harrison, Thomas F. Rutherford, David G. Tarr, and Angelo Gurgel; Trade liberalization and industry wage structure: evidence from Brazil by Nina...
人们在评估地区性安排的福利影响时得出的有意义的结论,大多数在理论上都含糊不清。对许多问题来说,只能找到有关特定经济的结构特征和所考查政策的定量性答案。因此,为了确定某个预期的地区性安排的影响,政府往往要依靠定量性的评估手段。通常是在世界银行客户政府的要求下,作者用许多可计算的一般均衡(CGE)模型为决策者提供信息。 作者总结了从这种研究中得出的主要结论,其中包括: 没有加入优惠贸易安排的国家几乎总是输家。...
This article uses a multi sector, multi county, computable general equilibrium model to examine Chile's strategy of 'additive regionalism' negotiating bilateral free trade agreements with all of its significant...
Eliminating excessive tariffs on exports of least developed countries; by Bernard Hoekman, Francis Ng, and Marcelo Olarreaga. Imported machinery for export competitiveness; by Ashoka Mody and Kamil Yilmaz...
在智利的双边地区性安排中,只有智利与“北方”贸易伙伴签定的协定提供了足够的市场准入,以抵消智利因贸易转移而付出的代价。然而,由于优惠的市场准入条件,智利通过“附加性地区主义”得到的收益有可能远远超过其从单边自由贸易中获得的静态福利收益。至少有一个伙伴国家从本研究所涉及的每一个地区性贸易协定中受损,而排除在外的国家总是受损。几乎所有的《美洲自由贸易协定》(FTAA)成员国都能通过FTAA受益,而欧盟却成了一个大输家。美洲国家从全球自由贸易中获得的总收益大于它们从FTAA中获得的收益。...
发展中国家限制外商进入专业服务行业,对本国的福利和增长会造成哪些重大影响?对这些行业加以限制,不仅有可能阻碍增长,而且有可能损害这些限制措施打算要保护的目标人群——国内这些服务行业中的专业工人。 越来越多的证据表明,各类中介服务的提供,对于经济发展非常重要。诸如管理和工程咨询等专业服务,可以向国内厂商提供专业知识,以帮助他们降低产品成本并获得发展。 然而,这些中介服务通常不可交易,或者交易成本非常高,这也许可以部分解释为什么会出现城市和企业组织,以及为什么各地的经济发展水平大相径庭。...