This discussion paper summarizes observed and projected trends in extreme weather events, present-day climate variability, and future climate change and their impacts on China's different regions. Findings...
本讨论稿总结了极端天气、当前气候差异和未来气候变化已经观测到和预测的趋势,以及其对中国不同地区的影响。中国气候变化国家评估报告(2007),第二次气候变化国家评估报告(2011)以及中国和国际专家的其他研究都阐述了有关发现。本报告除了对物理气候科学进行考察之外,还研究了与气象有关的灾害对中国造成的经济损失的趋势。这份报告是中国气候风险管理和适应系列讨论稿的背景材料。
This discussion paper provides the analytical backdrop for a series of papers on managing climate- and weather-related risks in China. It reviews and synthesizes the growing literature on risk-based management...
本讨论文件为中国气候和气象风险管理系列文件提供了分析背景,回顾并整合了气候变化适应方面日益增多的基于风险的管理措施文献资料,为决策过程提供指导。本文首先明确了一些关键性的概念和中国管理气候风险与适应的背景情况,之后概述了以风险为中心的分步骤的适应措施分析方法,其重点是适应气候变化适的分析与决策过程,而并非是提出具体的政策实施。本系列文件后续的文件采用本文件所设定的总体框架,并将其用于不同领域,包括交通运输、水利设施、城市规划和林业等领域。
China's success in addressing food problem after adopting the reforms in 1978 has been nothing less than remarkable. Grain output (rice, wheat and maize) has almost doubled and most hunger has been eliminated...
改进灌溉用水的定价,使灌溉用水的价格足以涵盖末级渠系灌溉或斗渠设施运行维护和管理成本,是保证灌溉服务效率和用水户协会可持续性的至关重要的要求。本研究对末级渠系灌溉水价制定的关键方面进行了调研,包括水费构成、水价制定、水费收取和水费管理各方面,目的是为灌溉水价制定、加强用水户协会从而改善末级渠系运行维护的政策决策提供具体的参考和指导。根据对中国国内文献的检索结果,本研究是第一项旨在支持末级渠系水价改革政策制定的研究,它同时研究了在末级渠系水费改革背景下末级渠系水价的制定和用水户协会发展两方面的事宜。
Improved irrigation water pricing sufficient to cover Operation and Maintenance (O&M) and management costs for end-canal irrigation or tertiary facilities is a vital requirement for efficient irrigation...
Ulaanbaatar's population has likely been facing air pollution challenges for several decades, through the development of Ulaanbaatar (UB) as a growing industrial city with increased construction, traffic...
本报告通过评述美国、加拿大、欧盟及其成员国(英国、荷兰和德国)、日本和其它国家或地区与棕地有关的政策、法规和标准,总结了可能对建立中国棕地管理框架有帮助的国际经验。本报告强调了棕地问题的复杂性,尤其是利益相关方众多,难以认定责任的归属。针对棕地问题的这些复杂性,本报告提出了应对建议。
The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of the current situation of brownfield management in China for World Bank staff and relevant government officials in order to help raise awareness of...
Recurring environmental incidents have led to increased public awareness of the threats of environmental pollution to public health and rapid urbanization is driving up land prices in Chinese cities. As...
本篇概述了中国污染场地的环境修复和管理的现状。其涉及了有关污染场地的法律和政策框架的完善问题,讨论了棕地问题中不同的利益相关者,包括污染企业、政府、社区和公众以及新的开发者。由于这些利益相关者的职责及相互关系常常不明确,从而造成责任界定混乱以及责任逃避。因此,加强和完善有关棕地修复与再开发的法律法规体系非常必要。此外,国家的棕地修复标准和技术导则对于建立全国统一的污染场地管理体系也十分关键。
The discussion paper presents preliminary findings for dissemination to initiate a discussion on the short-term and long-term emission reduction strategies for reducing Ulaanbaatar's (UB) air pollution...
The discussion paper presents preliminary findings for dissemination to initiate a discussion on the short-term and long-term emission reduction strategies for reducing Ulaanbaatar's (UB) air pollution...
The Country Environmental Analysis (CEA) for Timor-Leste identifies environmental priorities through a systematic review of environmental issues in natural resources management and environmental health...
Since the 1970s, East and Southeast Asia have experienced rapid economic growth and an increasing range of environmental challenges. Many countries in the region still lack the capacity to assess and manage...
Ulaanbaatar's population has likely been facing air pollution challenges for several decades, through the development of Ulaanbaatar (UB) as a growing industrial city with increased construction, traffic...
Worldwide there is a high, and in many cases growing demand for wild plants and animals and products made from them. Wild species are used as the source of a wide variety of goods, including foods, medicines...
This study reviews the policy and institutional framework for involuntary resettlement in the Philippines. Its purpose is to assess the prospect of harmonizing the country's involuntary resettlement framework...
A primer on reducing vulnerabilities to climate change impacts and strengthening disaster risk management in East Asian cities is prepared as a guide for local governments in the East Asia Region to better...