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本报告应中国国家发展和改革委员会(简称“发改委”)的要求撰写,以支持中国政府应对上述挑战。其目标是帮助政府从“十三五”规划制定的宏观战略方向以及其他政府规划走向具体的连贯的政策框架。特别需要指出的是,本报告描述了目前中国养老的现状和挑战,着眼于养老服务的供需两个方面;回顾梳理了养老服务供应方面的国际经验,评估了这些经验与中国的相关性;根据已有证据和最佳实践提出了政策选择。本报告的主要观点如下:中国应该建立平衡的家庭、社区和机构养老服务体系,以反映老年人的喜好,最大限度地满足老年人的需求。政府需要不断支持养老服务,把目标锁定在那些贫穷脆弱的功能受限的老年人身上,而最有效且可持续的办法是利用公共和民营部门的资源和补充力量,建立完善的覆盖不同收入群体和城乡地区的养老服务市场。
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