1. 理解贫困

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  • How commodity prices respond to macroeconomic news (英语)

    This paper analyzes the immediate, delayed and group responses of 20 commodity prices in four commodity groups (foods and livestock, crops, energy and metals) to macroeconomic "news" (unexpected announcements)...

    文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS354 文件日期: 1990年2月28日 披露方式: 作者: Ghura,Dhaneshwar

  • Do exporters gain from voluntary export restraints? (英语)

    Most literature suggests that voluntary export restraints (VER) are not very harmful for the exporting country. This paper argues that this view is misconceived. Most work has focused on the welfare loss...

    文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS326 文件日期: 1990年1月31日 披露方式: 作者: de Melo, Jaime,Winters, L. Alan

  • A survey of recent estimates of price elasticities of demand for transport (英语)

    This paper reviews 70 estimates of the price elasticity of demand for many different transport modes and market situations. The paper presents figures separately for passenger and freight transport and...

    文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS359 文件日期: 1990年1月31日 披露方式: 作者: Tae H. Oum,Waters, W.G.,Jong Say Yong

  • Notes on patents, distortions, and development (英语)

    The idea behind patent policies is to increase the output of commercially useful innovations by creating a transitory propertyy right that allows the inventor to appropriate part of the returns from his...

    文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS315 文件日期: 1990年1月31日 披露方式: Disclosed 作者: Nogues,Julio

  • An option - pricing approach to secondary market debt : applied to Mexico (英语)

    This paper presents a pricing model for secondary market debt designed to assess the market value of various forms of guarantees and the impact of debt reduction on the value of remaining claims. The model...

    文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS333 文件日期: 1990年1月31日 披露方式: 作者: Claessens,Constantijn A.,van Wijnbergen, Sweder

  • Projecting mortality for all countries (英语)

    This report is an attempt to develop a method for projecting mortality trends in all countries into the future, both over the short term (for one or two decades) and over the long term (for one or two...

    文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS337 文件日期: 1989年12月31日 披露方式: 作者: Bulatao, Rodolfo A.,Bos, Eduard,Stephens, Patien

  • Sovereign debt buybacks as a signal of creditworthiness (英语)

    To solve the puzzle of attitudes toward debt buybacks, the authors use a model that combines considerations of debt overhang with the possibility of asymmetrical information between debtor countries and...

    文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS318 文件日期: 1989年12月31日 披露方式: 作者: Acharya, Sankarshan,Diwan,Ishac

  • The macroeconomics of populism in Latin America (英语)

    By populism, this paper refers to an economic approach that emphasizes growth and income redistribution and deemphasizes the risks of inflation and deficit finance, external constraints and the reaction...

    文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS316 文件日期: 1989年12月31日 披露方式: 作者: Dornbusch, Rudiger,Edwards, Sebastian

  • Macroeconomic adjustment and the labor market in four Latin American countries (英语)

    Implicit in standard macroeconomics of adjustment is the assumption of well-integrated labor markets that are responsive to relative prices. But segmentation of the labor market is usually said to be an...

    文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS335 文件日期: 1989年12月31日 披露方式: 作者: Lopez,Ramon E.,Riveros,Luis Alfredo

  • The new political economy : positive economics and negative politics (英语)

    This paper discusses the theory that less politics makes better economics. It argues that this perspective on politics misrepresents the dynamics of policymaking in developing countries and is seriously...

    文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS304 文件日期: 1989年12月31日 披露方式: Disclosed 作者: Grindle,Merilee S.

  • Earmarking government revenues : does it work ? (英语)

    Earmarking is the practice of assigning revenues from specific taxes or groups of taxes to specific government activities or to broader areas of government activity. As such, it contrasts with general...

    文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS322 文件日期: 1989年12月31日 披露方式: 作者: Mccleary,William A.

  • How the 1981-83 Chilean banking crisis was handled (英语)

    The banking crisis in Chile in 1981-83 was widespread - representing about 60 percent of the banking system's total portfolio. The crisis arose because of macroeconomic problems and was exacerbated by...

    文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS300 文件日期: 1989年12月31日 披露方式: Disclosed 作者: Larrain,Mauricio

  • Evaluating global macroeconomic models : a case study of MULTIMOD (英语)

    This paper is a contribution to the understanding of global interconnections through the evaluation and validation of the capabilities and properties of MULTIMOD, a multiregional macroeconomic model, developed...

    文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS298 文件日期: 1989年12月31日 披露方式: 作者: Jamshidi,Ahmad

  • Private investment and macroeconomic adjustment : an overview (英语)

    This paper reviews current investment theories, recent models linking macroeconomic policies and private investment, and the effect of uncertainty and credibility on irreversible investment decisions...

    文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS339 文件日期: 1989年12月31日 披露方式: 作者: Serven,Luis,Solimano,Andres R.

  • Legal process and economic development : a case study of Indonesia (英语)

    Westeners often complain that laws are not enforced in developing countries. "Good" laws are on the books, but in reality individuals and firms evade them with impunity. For example taxes are uncollected...

    文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS350 文件日期: 1989年12月31日 披露方式: 作者: Gray,Cheryl W.

  • A framework for macroeconomic consistency for Zimbabwe (英语)

    The objective of this paper is to apply a framework for macroeconomic consistency to Zimbabwe. Using annual data for 1981 and 1987, the paper illustrates the usefulness of imposing consistency on the flow...

    文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS310 文件日期: 1989年12月31日 披露方式: 作者: Khadr, Ali,Schmidt-Hebbel, Klaus