The authors develop a framework to conceptualize the multiple ways forests contribute to poverty reduction and inform development interventions in forest landscapes. The authors identify five key strategies...
This paper develops a broad framework to conceptualize the multiple ways forests contribute to poverty reduction and inform interventions in forest landscapes. The paper identifies five key strategies...
The main objective of this report is to strengthen understanding of climate-related risks and impacts in coastal megacities in developing countries using case studies of three cities that are different...
Irrigation management transfer is an important strategy among donors and governments to strengthen farmer control over water and irrigation infrastructure. This study seeks to understand whether irrigation...
In this paper, the authors seek to answer three questions about poverty and forests in Malawi: (1) What is the extent of biomass available for meeting the energy needs of the poor in Malawi and how is...
Integrating environmental concerns in lending, and non lending operations of the Bank is imperative in securing, and strengthening a sustainable development agenda. Country Assistance Strategies (CASs)...
Over the last several years, the rights of local communities over natural resources have been strengthened either through power-sharing agreements with the state, increased legal access to natural resources...
在印度和其它地方,权利下放后的林业管理是个重要的政策问题。然而,几乎还没有人认真研究过社区林业的影响。Banyopadhyay和Shyamsundar试图通过分析从印度五个邦524个村庄采集的“国家样本调查数据”填补这一空白。他们的分析旨在回答两个关键的问题,即(1)什么人参与社区林业活动以及什么是参与林业活动的决定性因素?(2)林业参与对家庭的薪材消费有什么影响?作者发现,村民参与社区林业活动的重要原因包括居住在林区附近,领导作用和对薪材的依赖性。家庭参与社区林业活动与稀缺性之间存在有力的联系。这个分析结果对最近实施的以下政策有一定意义,即把社区林业参与从退化的林区扩大到退化程度较低的林区。作者最重要的发现是:薪材消费与参与是有联系的;家庭参与对消费具有明显的正面影响。然而,村级林业机构的存在没有直接作用。
社区自然资源管理是纳米比亚采取的一项保护和以可持续方式利用生物多样性和野生动植物的重要战略。作者考察了保护区在实现其提高农村家庭生活水平这一主要目标方面取得的成就。他们通过提出以下三个问题评估了纳米比亚社区保护区的收益:保护区是否增加了家庭福利?保护区是否有利于贫困人口?保护区的参与者是否比非参与者获得了更多的收益?作者评估的基础是2002年进行的一项覆盖七个保护区和1192个家庭的调查。评估结果表明,社区保护区对家庭福利具有正面影响。这种影响在某些地区是中性的,而在另一些地区则是有利于贫困人口的。另外,保护区带来的收益似乎较平等地分布于参与者家庭与非参与者家庭之间。
The paper discusses how developing countries can generate some of the resources they need for sustainable development. Developing country government already spend significant amounts of resources on a...
The aim of this paper is to identify indicators that can be used to monitor change at different scales, for different purposes and in a number of different ways. At the national (or sub-national) level...
This report is the outcome of a Country Assistance Strategy (CAS) and Environment program that was started in the World Bank's Environment Department in 1998. The aim of the program was to identify practical...