文件与报告库
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Transactional Governance Structures : New Cross-Country Data and an Application to the Effect of Uncertainty (英语)
To what extent are personal trust, mutual interests, and third parties important in enforcing agreements to trade? How do firms combine these to form transactional governance structures? This paper answers...
文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS10118 文件日期: 2022年7月5日 披露方式: Disclosed 作者: Francis,David C.,Karalashvili,Nona,Murrell,Peter
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Effectiveness of Government Support for the Private Sector during the COVID-19 Crisis : Evidence from El Salvador and Georgia (英语)
This paper estimates the effectiveness of government support to the private sector during the COVID-19 pandemic in El Salvador and Georgia using firm-level data collected before and during the pandemic...
文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS9980 文件日期: 2022年3月22日 披露方式: Disclosed 作者: Karalashvili,Nona,Tamkoc,Mehmet Nazim
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Female-Owned Firms during the COVID-19 Crisis (英语)
This brief use firm-level data collected between May 2020 and May 2021 in 41 countries, to provide descriptive evidence on the differential effect of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis on female-...
文件类型: 简介 报告号: 162280 文件日期: 2021年7月29日 披露方式: Disclosed 作者: Hyland,Marie Caitriona,Karalashvili,Nona,Muzi,Silvia,Viganola,Domenico
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Facing the Storm : COVID-19’s Impact on Russia’s Private Sector in 10 Graphs (英语)
In the four months since Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic, its toll on the health and wellbeing of people across the world has been profound. This experience has no parallel...
文件类型: 工作文件 报告号: 161372 文件日期: 2021年7月2日 披露方式: Disclosed 作者: Karalashvili,Nona,Miller,Christopher David,Ponomareva,Tatyana
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The Evolving Effect of COVID-19 on the Private Sector (英语)
This brief provides a descriptive analysis of the evolving effect of the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic on the private sector of 40 countries. It focuses on the essential aspects of business operations:...
文件类型: 简介 报告号: 161002 文件日期: 2021年6月24日 披露方式: Disclosed 作者: Karalashvili,Nona,Viganola,Domenico
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Measuring Total Factor Productivity Using the Enterprise Surveys : A Methodological Note (英语)
Total factor productivity is a key element of economic growth and an important performance metric for policy makers. This note describes the methodology for measuring firm-level total factor productivity...
文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS9491 文件日期: 2020年12月8日 披露方式: Disclosed 作者: Francis,David C.,Karalashvili,Nona,Maemir,Hibret Belete,Rodriguez Meza,Jorge Luis
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Making It Big : Why Developing Countries Need More Large Firms (英语)
Economic and social progress requires a diverse ecosystem of firms that play complementary roles. Making It Big: Why Developing Countries Need More Large Firms constitutes one of the most up-to-date assessments...
文件类型: 出版 报告号: 153025 文件日期: 2020年9月17日 披露方式: Disclosed 作者: Ciani,Andrea,Hyland,Marie Caitriona,Karalashvili,Nona,Keller,Jennifer L.,Ragoussis,Alexandros,Tran,Trang Thu
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Mapping the landscape of transactions : the governance of business relations in Latin America (英语)
To what extent do firms use trust, law, and third-parties to ensure fulfillment of agreements to transact? How do they combine these mechanisms to form transactional governance structures? How do answers...
文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS8564 文件日期: 2018年8月22日 披露方式: Disclosed 作者: Francis,David C.,Karalashvili,Nona,Murrell,Peter
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Doing the survey two-step : the effects of reticence on estimates of corruption in two-stage survey questions (英语)
This paper develops a structural approach for modeling how respondents answer survey questions and uses it to estimate the proportion of respondents who are reticent in answering corruption questions...
文件类型: 政策研究报告 报告号: WPS7276 文件日期: 2015年5月22日 披露方式: Disclosed 作者: Karalashvili,Nona,Kraay,Aart C.,Murrell,Peter