During the past 20 years, Morocco has implemented a wide range of macroeconomic, social, and labor market reforms that have delivered in terms of growth of gross domestic product and household welfare.
... 更多显示 Yet, these positive developments are not reflected by the main labor market indicators, a phenomenon observed elsewhere in developed and developing economies alike and labeled as "jobless growth." For the first time for Morocco, this paper uses quarterly panel data to investigate the question of labor mobility in an effort to determine whether people have moved to better sectors and jobs. The results point to significant labor mobility between labor statuses with quite distinct features across population groups. All groups experience some form of labor market mobility every quarter and women are as mobile as men. However, the transitions that women experience are very different from the transitions than men experience and women's performance is worse than mens performance in almost all aspects of labor mobility.
更少显示
Ratings for the Public Finance Management Project for Iraq were as follows: outcomes were moderately unsatisfactory, the risk to development outcome was high, the Bank performance was unsatisfactory, and the Grantee performance was moderately unsatisfactory.
... 更多显示 Some lessons learned included: public financial management reforms generally fall into two types: i) efforts to improve budget transparency and classification; and, ii) those that improve the scope and comprehensiveness of the budget. On the other side of the spectrum are a host of reforms that are neither particularly easy to implement nor which bring the promise of substantial fiscal gains, at least in the short-term. Some public financial reforms to improve the scope and comprehensiveness of the budget are not technically difficult to implement. However, unless significant political capital is invested in overcoming bureaucratic resistance, these reforms are unlikely to move forward. Projects that are complex, multi-faceted and that involve process and attitudinal changes from a multitude of government actors require much more scrutiny, analysis, and more informed project design from the outset. The critical success factors for any Integrated Financial Management Information System, or IFMIS project (large or small) are quite clear: a full-time project coordinator is required; there needs to be strong political will and a champion at the political level; and the project needs to provide an abundance of training.
更少显示
The development objective of the Decentralizing Funding to Schools Project for Myanmar is to improve and expand Myanmar's existing school grants and student stipends programs.
... 更多显示 Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) beneficiary assessment, financed and facilitated by the Bank and its contacting agency, will be conducted on an annual basis which aims to assess, and report to Ministry of Education (MoE) and beneficiary people, the past year's progress with regard to the school stipend and school grants programs including on implementation of community participation planning framework (CPPF); (2) Department of Education Planning and Training (DEPT), Department of Basic Educations (DBEs), and Township Education Offices (TEOs) will organize meetings with beneficiary communities and share assessment results; (3) monitoring steps in the local areas will be complemented by the Bank-executed technical assistant (TA) program which will provide information to help the MoE continuously improve the management and operations of the stipend and school grants programs; and (4) the endorsed school improvement plan will be announced at the school assembly and will be displayed at the school notice board for the public.
更少显示
The objective of the Commercial Agriculture Development Project (CADP) for Nigeria is to contribute to the government's strategy for poverty reduction by improving the welfare and living conditions of many poor and vulnerable communities in the participating states of Lagos, Kano, Kaduna, Enugu, and Cross River.
... 更多显示 The Project will directly and indirectly support subsistence farmers and the poor with information, skills, technology, group organizing, and business opportunities. Some of these activities related to productive investments can lead to increased agricultural activities which in turn could bring about the use of pesticides. The Project will have the following negative environmental and socio-economic impacts. (a) impacts during construction; dust raised from gravel access to roads by haulage trucks during the transportation of supplies; emissions in the form of exhaust fumes and dust from vehicles and machines; soil erosion resulting in situation of nearby watercourses; land acquisition and resettlement; health and safety of workers (accidents, etc); and disease transmission (HIV/AIDs, STDs) to communities along route from construction workers; (b) impacts during operation; accumulation of stone aggregate and construction material; impacts on air quality arising from increased vehicular traffic flows; and loose soils on cleared areas may cause dust particulate; and (c) socio-economic impacts: airborne pollution, waste water treatment, effluents and solid waste, noise pollution, and use of chemicals.
更少显示
The objective of the Youth Employment Project is to improve access to employment skills and employment opportunities for underemployed youth in Benin.
... 更多显示 There are four components to the project, the first component being developing skills through apprenticeships. This component will support improved access for underemployed youth to apprenticeships of improved quality in skilled trades, and help the Government and private sector trade associations to expand and improve nationally recognized certification for skills learned in such apprenticeships. The second component is the developing small business skills. This component will support the Agence Nationale pour la Promotion de l'Emploi (ANPE) to scale up and improve the quality of its existing programs to assist predominantly underemployed youth to develop skills related to establishing and managing a small business. The third component is the start-up support. The component will also provide mentoring to help youth address problems that may confront them as they try to establish their business, to market themselves, and to identify opportunities. Depending on the sector of activity, artisan associations or the ANPE may be tasked to provide such mentoring over time. Finally, the fourth component is the institutional capacity building and project management.
更少显示
The objective of the Eastern Recovery Project is to improve access to livelihoods and socio-economic infrastructure in vulnerable communities in the eastern provinces of Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
... 更多显示 There are three components to the project, the first component being community support. This component will focus on strengthening community resilience. This will be achieved through: (a) improving access to community social and economic infrastructure; (b) facilitating and improving inclusive community participation processes; and (c) strengthening local conflict prevention and resolution mechanisms. The Project Implementation Manual (PIM) will specify the mechanisms and processes to improve access to social and economic infrastructure while ensuring social inclusiveness and discourage elite-capture. The second component is the livelihoods and employment generation. This component will support employment creation through two sub-components that will create short-term employment as well as sustainable livelihood options. In light of the persistent joblessness and poverty, as well as of the need to provide immediate tangible benefits to the region, Labor-Intensive Public Works (LIPW) will likely absorb at least half of the funds available for this component. It is expected that employment creation will contribute both to poverty reduction and stabilization. Finally, the third component is the capacity building. Capacity building will be provided on a need-basis to national and provincial actors who will play a direct role in project implementation.
更少显示
The objective of the Additional Financing for the Community Development and Safety Nets Project for Togo is to provide poor communities with greater access to basic socio-economic infrastructures and social safety nets.
... 更多显示 The additional financing will help finance the costs associated with: (a) scaling up the Projet de Developpement Communautaire et des Filets Sociaux (PDCplus) by increasing support for community infrastructure sub-projects; and (b) providing financing for a new community-based school feeding sub-component, which was supported under the PDC until it closed on September 30, 2013. This project paper also seeks approval for restructuring the PDCplus in order to extend the closing date, reallocate funds, and revise outcome indicator targets in line with the expanded activities.
更少显示
The development objective of the Financial Infrastructure and Markets project for Democratic Republic of Congo is to modernize payments infrastructure and increase availability of term financing to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises.
... 更多显示 It is anticipated that the majority of transactions supported in this project will be in the services or investments that will have limited environmental or social risks associated with them. However, it is recognized that there may be some business activities in which the environmental and social risks and impacts are significant and require commensurate assessment and management, e.g., land acquisition, labor and working standards, inappropriate disposal of wastes, or unhealthy or hazardous working conditions. The project will not finance activities with major or irreversible environmental and social impacts.
更少显示