population living in poverty;life expectancy at birth;implications for poverty reduction;real exchange rate appreciation;terms of trade loss;Efficiency of Public Expenditures ...  更多显示 price of natural gas;Retrenchment in Public Sector;dynamic computable general equilibrium;deteriorating terms of trade;Democratic Republic of Congo;negative impact on growth;commodity price;current account deficit;inequality of opportunity;global financial crisis;domestic resource mobilization;domestic revenue mobilization;international finance statistic;difficult labor relations;current account balance;south african rand;price of crude;interest rate increases;gross domestic product;electric power crisis;removal of subsidy;demand for import;electric power shortage;pace of expansion;bilateral trade flow;natural resource commodity;current account imbalance;private credit growth;hiv prevalence rate;capital goods import;private sector activity;share of investment;emerging market country;availability of electricity;private consumption growth;evidence on inequality;population growth rate;depth of poverty;share of export;global financial market;commodity price shock;fragile and conflict;high poverty rate;consumer price inflation;revenues from metals;public investment program;public expenditure efficiency;federal government;cash reserve ratio;european central bank;inequality within country;number of victims;freedom from violence;public sector wage;fiscal consolidation effort;foreign direct investment;adult literacy rate;purchasing power parity;prioritization of expenditures;participation of woman;gross primary enrollment;Check and Balances;fiscal management system;investment in mining;annual economic growth;drag on growth;price of oil;international poverty line;international bond market;rates of unemployment;coherent accounting framework;regional income disparity;fiscal deficit;Frontier Market;oil price;oil exporter;iron ore;commodity exporter;currency depreciation;fiscal revenue;domestic demand;fiscal position;bond issuance;income poverty;sovereign bond;oil producer;sovereign debt;world economic;government spending;capital expenditure;agricultural commodity;domestic impediments;oil importer;world price;oil production;oil revenue;Fiscal policies;fiscal policy;Public Spending;tax revenue;Tax Administration;high inflation;salary arrears;household consumption;industrial production;Wage Bill;infrastructure expenditure;fiscal vulnerability;ghanaian cedi;agricultural good;angolan kwanza;external vulnerability;government revenue;external imbalance;fiscal balance;zambian kwacha;power supply;external demand;Learning and Innovation Credit;large-scale infrastructure;consumer spend;policy uncertainty;world trade;household survey;quality datum;foreign trade;trading partner;test score;poverty headcount;Intra-regional Trade;total trade;economic slowdown;Public Services;capital flow;approved budget;global economy;fiscal framework;administrative measure;bond issue;regional poverty;equity issue;fuel shortage;global risk;research fund;social spending;investment growth;price level;Gender Gap;fuel price;chronic malnutrition;household spending;fiscal outcome;government expenditure;transport constraint;unequal country;education level;high enrollment;maritime piracy;poverty status;extreme poverty;import growth;quality improvement;fragile states;franc zone;interbank market;security risk;terrorist threat;liquidity squeeze;debt level;private investment;Boosting Growth;drug traffic;demand shock;military spending;production capacity;increase poverty;Exchange Rates;output growth;price stability;regional variation;monetary condition;gender parity;relative price;world demand;commodity market;state budget;mineral fuel;export share;export market;net exporter;energy commodity;global trade;target range;federal fund;global growth;middle-income economy;downside risk;borrowing cost;trade intensity;closure rule;foreign currency;advanced economy;functional form;economic expansion;heavy reliance  更少显示